Emilio Aguinaldo Was The President Of Philippines History Essay

Emilio Aguinaldo Was The President Of Philippines History Essay Emilio Aguinaldo was the president of Philippines at age 28 and was the leader of the Pilipino Revolt. He pushed strongly for independence from Spain and conquered much land although he later loss to America in the Philippine-American War. 1899 Open Door Policy After the boxer rebellion and opium wars, China closed its ports to rest of the world. The US proposed a peaceful note to China to ask them to open their ports for equal trade around the world. The USs Secretary of State, John Hay, sent the note to the other world powers and they said they would agree only if the other powers agreed. Eventually they did and China had to open its ports 1899 Samuel Golden Rule Jones Samuel Jones was the mayor of Toledo, Ohio. He established many progressive reforms that improved working conditions for workers in the town and became extremely popular by promoting the Golden Rule, coining his nickname. 1900 Spheres of Influence This is where when a country dominates a territory no one else can perform trade or other transactions. It began between Germany and Britain when they had a dispute over territories in the Gulf of Guinea. 1900 Charles and Mary Beard This couple was of the most influential socialists of the 20th century. They believed that economics influenced the society rather than its leaders. 1901 Big Stick Diplomacy This coined phrase represented Roosevelts adjustments to the Monroe Doctrine. It got its name from Roosevelt speaking softly but carrying a big stick. 1902 Anthracite Coal Strike This was a strike in Pennsylvania where the mine workers asked for shorter work days, higher pay and to be recognized as a union. It got so bad that President Roosevelt intervened, neutrally, and gave the workers what they wanted. The owners got paid more for their coal as well. 1903 Hay-Buneau-Varilla Treaty This was the treaty that granted America permission to build the Panama Canal. It was between John Hay and Philpe Buneau-Varilla. They negotiated only after Panama got their independence from Columbia. 1904 Roosevelt Corollary Taking points from the Monroe Doctrine, this policy, created by Roosevelt, said that the US would be the protectorate of the western hemisphere. It also said the US would interfere in foreign affairs only if it felt the need. 1904 Northern Securities Case This case is significant because it is the first time the government successfully broke up a monopoly. A railroad company owned by Morgan, Hill, and Hammer, had managed to collect numerous stocks and beat out its competitors. This cases ended companies merging together and the court ruled that the company was violating the Sherman Antitrust Act. 1905 International Workers of the World This was a group of unskilled workers who came together to breakup classes. It was comprised of many well-known activists for unions and labors. 1905 Wobblies This was what the people of the International Workers of the World called themselves. Their main purpose was to get rid of capitalism or free enterprise. 1907 Gentlemens Agreement This was an agreement between the US and Japan stating that no one could enter US with the intent to work. Later discrimination rose against Asians in America. The agreement settled this dispute and an understanding against immigrants were made. The Immigration Act of 1924 nullified this agreement. 1907 Great White Fleet This was when America sent 16 white large battleships on expeditions around the world. This was meant to show that America was a world power and their navy was increasing and improving. 1909 Dollar Diplomacy This diplomacy was established during Roosevelts presidency, but carried over into Tafts presidency. It stated that the US would give loans to countries in South, Central America and Asia, and ensured the safety of foreign affairs. This policy encouraged investments of the US. 1909 Insurgents Revolt This was a rebellion of the Cuban people against the Spanish. Americans provoked it with yellow journalism and eventually America got involved and led to the Spanish-American War 1909 Ballinger Pinchot Affair This was a dispute within politics in the White House. Pinchot found out that Ballinger was giving his friends rights to mine on government protected lands, so he told the president. The president, Taft, approved of it and Pinchot got mad, got fired, and told the press. During the 1912 election, this dispute split the Republican Party, thus allowing Wilson to win. 1912 Moral Diplomacy Created by President Wilson, this policy said that America would remain neutral during WWI. It also said that the U.S, would protect and democrat Latin American country. It promoted peace and advancement of America. 1912 New Freedom This was a campaign slogan made by Wilson, which promised many new reforms and policies made by the government. This took place during Wilsons first term in office and described the progressive era. 1912 New Nationalism This was the policy where Roosevelt said that government would control businesses. He promoted human rights and well-being as his slogan in the 1912 election. 1913 Triple Wall Privilege During the election of 1912, Wilson promoted taking out banks, tariffs, and trusts. He did this by eliminating the influence of lobbyist, signing the Federal Reserve Act, and Clayton Antitrust Act. 1913 Underwood-Simmons Tariff Under President Wilson, this tariff reinforced the federal income tax lowering it from 40% to 25%. It caused many business and people to go into debt and almost ended the prosperity era they had just experienced. 1913 Federal Reserve System This was the main banking system of America, created to stabilized Americas finances and monetary system. It was established in the Federal Reserve Act, under President Wilson. 1914 Panama Canal Wilson set out to increase trade and reduce travel time of ships so he proposed to build a canal to connect the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean. The Panama Canal is a 48 mile long canal with a series of locks that allow large ships to pass through. This is an important travel center for sea traveling. 1915 Birth of a Nation D. W. Griffin This was a popular silent film based off the book the Clansman that told the story of a family after the Civil War. It covered very controversial topics and started the blackface era. 1915 Lusitania This was the British ship that Germany sunk, which had American citizens on board. The Americans said if the sinking of neutral ships doesnt end, they will be forced to enter the war, in which they later did. 1898 Black Jack Pershing Pershing was a highly accredited military man. He fought in the Spanish-American War and was deemed the highest ranking officer in WWI. The only ever person to have this title was President Washington. 1916 Sussex/Arabic Pledges During WWI, this was a pledge that said Germanys submarines couldnt attack neutral ships. This took place after the sinking of Lusitania. It made Germany change some of its warfare tactics. 1917 Zimmerman Note This was a note from Germany to Mexico asking for their alliance. America intercepted it and was infuriated. This was the last straw and America entered the world war. 1917 Committee of Public Information This was a committee of people put together to persuade Americans to join the army to fight in the war. They used great propaganda and advertisements to influence the citizens. 1917 Creel Committee Ran by George Creel, also called the Committee of Public Information, this committee spread encouragement to the Americans to join the army. They made it their mission to publish information about the war and turn their attention away from censorship to the war. 1918 Fourteen Points These were a set of suggestions, created by President Wilson, in which he presented to the Allies. These suggestions were to be a part of The Treaty of Versailles. Only some of the points were used in the treaty. 1919 Henry Cabot-Lodge During the war, Lodge was a very prominent figure in American politics, in that he opposed much f President Wilsons views. He was the leader of the Senate and strongly opposed the Treaty of Versailles because it did not include total submission of Germany. 1919 Irreconcilables These were people of Congress who opposed the League of Nations. They argued that America would be better off not being a part of the League of Nations and felt the treaty to be too harsh. 1920 Reservationists These were people of Congress who supported the League of Nations only if certain amendments were made to it. This group was led by Henry Lodge 1919 Treaty of Versailles This was the treaty that ended World War I. It gave full responsibility of the war to Germany and stated that they had to give back all acquired lands and pay for the damages. Germany soon became bitter and this involuntarily led to WWII. It also established the League of Nations. 1919 Volstead Act This act promoted the 18th Amendment and punished all those who violated the law. It also regulated the supply and sale of liquor. 1920 League of Nations This was a group of nations that came together after World War I that created and regulated actions of all the nations. It influenced many of the worlds ability to interact with each other and promoted peace. Proposed by Woodrow Wilson, surprisingly the US did not approve of the league and held out on entering.